Ma ʻApelila 2, 2025, ua kau inoa ʻo Donald Trump i ʻelua mau kauoha hoʻokō "reciprocal tariff" ma ka Hale Paʻa, e kau ana i kahi 10% "liʻiliʻi loa o ka tariff baseline" ma luna o 40 mau hoa kālepa me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e holo nei i nā hemahema kālepa. Ke kū nei ʻo Kina i kahi tariff 34%, ʻo ia hoʻi, me ka helu 20% o kēia manawa, e huina i 54%. Ma ʻApelila 7, ua hoʻonui hou aku ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā haunaele, e hoʻoweliweli ana i kahi tariff 50% hou aʻe ma nā waiwai Kina e hoʻomaka ana ma ʻApelila 9. Me ʻekolu mau piʻi mua, hiki i nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku Kina i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ke kū i nā tariff e like me 104%. I ka pane ʻana, e kau ʻo Kina i kahi tariff 34% ma nā mea lawe mai mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa Pehea e hoʻopilikia ai kēia i ka ʻoihana kemika kūloko?
Wahi a ka ʻikepili 2024 e pili ana i nā kemika 20 kiʻekiʻe loa mai Kina mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua hoʻopili nui ʻia kēia mau huahana i ka propane, polyethylene, ethylene glycol, ke kinoea kūlohelohe, ka ʻaila maka, ka lanahu, a me nā mea hoʻouluulu—ʻo ka hapa nui he mau mea maka, nā waiwai i hana mua ʻia, a me nā mea hoʻouluulu i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana kemika. I waena o lākou, ʻo nā hydrocarbons acyclic saturated a me ka propane liquefied no 98.7% a me 59.3% o nā mea lawe mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, me ka nui e hiki ana i 553,000 tons a me 1.73 miliona tons, kēlā me kēia. ʻO ke kumukūʻai lawe mai o ka propane liquefied wale nō i hōʻea i $11.11 biliona. ʻOiai ʻo ka ʻaila maka, ke kinoea kūlohelohe liquefied, a me ka lanahu coking he mau waiwai lawe mai kiʻekiʻe, aia kā lākou mau ʻāpana ma lalo o 10%, e hoʻolilo ana iā lākou i mea pani ma mua o nā huahana kemika ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā tariff reciprocal ke hoʻonui i nā kumukūʻai lawe mai a hōʻemi i ka nui no nā waiwai e like me ka propane, e hoʻonui paha i nā kumukūʻai hana a hoʻopaʻa i ka lako no nā derivatives downstream. Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo ʻia e kaupalena ʻia ka hopena ma ka ʻaila maka, ke kinoea kūlohelohe, a me nā lawe mai lanahu coking.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao hoʻokuʻu aku, ʻo nā mea hoʻokuʻu kemika he 20 kiʻekiʻe loa o Kina i ka US i ka makahiki 2024 ua noho aliʻi ʻia e nā plastik a me nā huahana pili, nā wahie mineral, nā aila mineral a me nā huahana distillation, nā kemika organik, nā kemika like ʻole, a me nā huahana rapa. ʻO nā plastik wale nō ka helu no 12 o nā mea he 20 kiʻekiʻe loa, me nā mea hoʻokuʻu aku he $17.69 biliona. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻokuʻu kemika e hele aku ana i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa he emi ma mua o 30% o ka huina o Kina, me nā mīkina lima polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa ma 46.2%. Hiki i nā hoʻoponopono tariff ke hoʻopilikia i nā plastik, nā wahie mineral, a me nā huahana rapa, kahi i loaʻa ai iā Kina kahi mahele hoʻokuʻu aku kiʻekiʻe. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā hana honua o nā hui Kina ke kōkua i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i kekahi o nā haʻalulu tariff.
I ke kua o ka piʻi ʻana o nā ʻauhau, hiki i ka loli o ke kulekele ke hoʻopilikia i ke koi a me ke kumukūʻai no kekahi mau kemika. Ma ka mākeke hoʻokuʻu aku ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, hiki i nā ʻano nui e like me nā huahana plastik a me nā kaila ke kū i ke kaomi nui. No nā mea lawe mai mai ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo nā mea maka nui e like me ka propane a me nā hydrocarbons acyclic saturated, e hilinaʻi nui ana i nā mea hoʻolako ʻAmelika, e ʻike paha i nā hopena koʻikoʻi ma ke kūpaʻa o ke kumukūʻai a me ka palekana o ka lako no nā huahana kemika ma hope.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-18-2025