Sodium Bicarbonate, ʻo ka molecular formula ʻo NAHCO₃，he mea hoʻohuihui inorganic, me ka pauka crystalline keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻohe ʻala, paʻakai, maʻalahi e hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai. E hoʻoheheʻe mālie i ka ea haʻahaʻa a i ʻole ka ea wela, e hoʻohua i ka carbon dioxide, a me ka wela a hiki i 270 ° C decomposed loa. Ke ʻakika, hoʻoheheʻe ikaika ʻia, e hana ana i ka carbon dioxide.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka sodium bicarbonate e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i ka kemika, inorganic synthesis, hana ʻoihana, mahiʻai a me ka hana holoholona.
Nā waiwai kino:sodium bicarbonatehe aniani keʻokeʻo, a ʻo nā kristal monocliplative opaque he mau kristal liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole ʻala, paʻakai iki a maʻalili, a hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me ka glycerin, a hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka ethanol. ʻO ka solubility i loko o ka wai he 7.8g (18 ℃), 16.0g (60 ℃), ʻo 2.20g/cm3 ka mānoanoa, ʻo 2.208 ka nui, ʻo ka index refractive α: 1.465; β: 1.498; γ: 1.504, entropy maʻamau 24.4J/(mol · K), hoʻoulu i ka wela 229.3kj/mol, wela hoʻoheheʻe 4.33kj/mol, a ma mua o ka hiki wela（Cp）20.89J/(mol·°C)(22°C).
Nā waiwai kemika:
1. ʻAkika a me ka alkaline
He alkaline ka wai o ka sodium bicarbonate ma muli o ka hydrolysis: HCO3-+H2O⇌H2CO3+OH-, 0.8%aqueous solution pH waiwai he 8.3.
2. E hana me ka waika
Hiki i ka sodium bicarbonate ke hana me ka waikawa, e like me ka sodium bicarbonate a me ka hydrochloride: nahco3+HCL = NaCl+CO2 ↑+H2O.
3. Pane i ka alkali
Hiki i ka sodium bicarbonate ke hana me ka alkali. No ka laʻana, ka sodium bicarbarbonate a me ka sodium hydroxide reaction: nahco3+naOh = Na2CO3+H2O; a me nā hopena calcium hydroxide, inā piha ka nui o ka sodium sodium bicarbonate, aia: 2NAHCO3+CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+NA2CO3+2H2O;
Ina he uuku ka sodium bicarbonate, aia no: Nahco3+CA (OH) 2 = CACO3 ↓+Naoh+H2O.
4. Ka pane i ka paʻakai
A. Hiki i ka sodium bicarbonate ke pālua i ka hydrolysis me ka alumini chloride a me ka alumini chloride, a e hoʻohua i ka alumini hydroxide, ka paʻakai sodium a me ke kalapona kalapona.
3AHCO3+AlCl3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3ACL+3CO2 ↑; 3AHCO3+Al (CLO3) 3 = Al (OH) 3 ↓+3AClo3+3CO2 ↑.
B. Hiki i ka sodium bicarbonate ke hana me kekahi mau mea paʻakai metala, e like me: 2HCO3-+Mg2+= CO2 ↑+MgCo3 ↓+H2O.
5. Decomposition e ka wela
ʻO ke ʻano o ka sodium bicarbonate paʻa i ka mahana, a maʻalahi ke wāwahi. Hoʻopau koke ia ma luna o 50 ° C. Ma 270 ° C, nalowale loa ke kalapona kalapona. ʻAʻohe hoʻololi i ka ea maloʻo a popopo mālie i ka ea haʻahaʻa. Decomposition Ka hoohalike pane: 2NAHCO3NA2CO3+CO2 ↑+H2O.
Kahua noi:
1. Hoʻohana ʻia i ka hale hana
Sodium bicarbonatehoʻohana ʻia e like me nā reagents analytical a hoʻohana ʻia no ka synthesis inorganic. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hopena paʻa paʻa sodium carbonate-sodium bicarbonate. I ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka waikawa a i ʻole ka alkali, hiki iā ia ke mālama i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ion hydrogen me ka ʻole o nā hoʻololi nui, hiki ke mālama i ka waiwai pH ʻōnaehana paʻa.
2. Hoʻohana ʻoihana
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium bicarbonate no ka hana ʻana i nā mea kinai ahi pH a me nā mea kinai ahi, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium bicarbonate i loko o ka ʻoihana pāpaʻi no ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau a me ka sponge. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium bicarbonate i ka ʻoihana metallurgical ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe no ka hoʻolei ʻana i nā mea kila. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium bicarbonate i loko o ka ʻoihana mīkini ma ke ʻano he kōkua hoʻoheheʻe no ke one hoʻolei kila (sandwiches). Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium bicarbonate i loko o ka ʻoihana paʻi a me ka waihoʻoluʻu ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa waihoʻoluʻu, ʻakika -base buffer, a me ka lole hoʻoluʻu hope o ka mea lapaʻau i ka paʻi ʻana; ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka soda i ka waihoʻoluʻu hiki ke pale i ka gauze i loko o ka gauze. Kāohi.
3. Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka meaʻai
I ka hana ʻana i ka meaʻai, ʻo ka sodium bicarbonate ka mea hoʻohana nui loa i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā kuki a me ka berena. He melemele ka waihoʻoluʻu. He kalapona kalapona ia i loko o ka inu kopa; hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia me ka alum i ka pauka fermented alkaline, a i ʻole hiki ke haku ʻia me nā citromes e like me ka alkali pōhaku kīwila; akā, ma ke ʻano he lāʻau mālama pata. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he hua kala a me ka mea kanu i ka hana ʻana i nā mea kanu. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana ma kahi o 0.1% a 0.2% o ka sodium bicarbonate i ka wā e holoi ai i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium bicarbonate ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka waiwai pH o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu ma o ka kuke ʻana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka waiwai pH o nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa wai o ka protein, hoʻoikaika i ka palupalu o nā ʻiʻo meaʻai, a hoʻopau i nā mea astringent. Eia kekahi, aia ka hopena i ka waiū kao, me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o 0.001% ~ 0.002%.
4. Mahiai a mahi holoholona
Sodium bicarbonatehiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka mahiʻai, a hiki nō hoʻi ke hana i ka nele o ka lysine i loko o ka hānai. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka sodium bicarbonate i loko o kahi wai liʻiliʻi a hui pū paha i loko o ka concentrate e hānai i ka pipi (nui kūpono) e hāpai i ka ulu ʻana o ka pipi. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui nui i ka hana waiū o nā bipi waiu.
5. Hoʻohana lāʻau
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium bicarbonate ma ke ʻano he mea maka no nā lāʻau lapaʻau, i hoʻohana ʻia no ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻakika ʻōpū, ka ʻawaʻawa metabolic, a hiki nō hoʻi i ka mimi alkaline e pale ai i nā pōhaku uric acid. Hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i ka ʻona o nā lāʻau sulfa, a pale aku i ka hemoglobin mai ka waiho ʻana i loko o ka tubular renal i ka wā o ka hemolysis nui, a mālama i nā hōʻailona i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka nui o ka waikawa gastric; ʻAʻole kikoʻī i ka lāʻau ʻawaʻawa ka hopena lapaʻau. ʻO ka maʻi poʻo mau, nalowale ka ʻai, nausea, luaʻi, etc.
No ka mālama ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana: ʻO ka sodium bicarbonate kahi huahana non-dangerous, akā pono e pale ʻia mai ka makū. E mālama i loko o kahi pahu hau maloʻo. Mai hui pū me ka waikawa. ʻAʻole pono e hui pū ʻia ka soda baking me nā mea ʻawaʻawa e pale ai i ka pollution.
Puke: 25KG/BAG
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-17-2023