ʻAkika ʻOxalic

ʻAkika ʻokalikaHe mea olaola. ʻO ke ʻano kemika ʻo H₂C₂O₄. He huahana metabolic ia o nā meaola. He ʻāpana ʻelua ia o ka waikawa nāwaliwali. Hoʻolaha nui ʻia ia i loko o nā mea kanu, holoholona, ​​a me nā kino fungal. Hana ia i nā hana like ʻole i loko o nā meaola ola like ʻole. No laila, ua manaʻo pinepine ʻia ka waikawa oxalic he mea kūʻē i ka omo ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea mineral. ʻO kona anhydride he carbon trioxide.

Nā ʻano:He pepa monoclinic kala ʻole a i ʻole ke aniani prismatic a i ʻole ka pauka keʻokeʻo, ʻaʻohe ʻala o ka waikawa oxalic ma ka oxidation, ʻono ka waikawa oxalic ma ka synthesis. Sublimation ma 150 ~ 160 ℃. Hiki ke hoʻomehana ʻia i ka ea wela a maloʻo. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka 1g i loko o ka wai 7mL, 2mL wai e paila ana, 2.5mL ethanol, 1.8mL ethanol e paila ana, 100mL ether, 5.5mL glycerin, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka benzene, chloroform a me ka petroleum ether. ʻO ka hopena 0.1mol/L he pH o 1.3. ʻO ka density pili (wai = 1) he 1.653. Heheʻe kiko 189.5 ℃.

Nā waiwai kemika:ʻO ka waikawa Oxalic, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka waikawa glycolic, loaʻa nui ia i nā meaʻai mea kanu. ʻO ka waikawa Oxalic kahi kristal kolamu kala ʻole, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ma mua o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik e like me ka ether,

He hopena hoʻohui ikaika ko Oxalate a he ʻano ʻē aʻe ia o ka mea hoʻohuihui metala i loko o ka meaʻai mea kanu. Ke hui pū ʻia ka waikawa oxalic me kekahi mau mea metala alkaline honua, ua emi nui kona solubility, e like me ka calcium oxalate aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. No laila, ʻo ke alo o ka waikawa oxalic he hopena nui ia i ka bioavailability o nā minelala koʻikoʻi; Ke hui pū ʻia ka waikawa oxalic me kekahi mau mea metala hoʻololi, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā hui soluble ma muli o ka hana hoʻohui o ka waikawa oxalic, a ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ko lākou solubility.

Ua hoʻomaka ka waikawa Oxalic e sublimate ma 100 ℃, hoʻoluʻu koke ʻia ma 125 ℃, a hoʻoluʻu nui ʻia ma 157 ℃, a laila hoʻomaka e pala.

Hiki ke hana me ka alkali, hiki ke hana i ka esterification, acyl halogenation, a me ka amide reaction. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hana i nā hopena hoʻemi, a hiki ke hana i nā hopena decarboxylation ma lalo o ka wela. He hygroscopic ka waikawa oxalic anhydrous. Hoʻokumu ka waikawa oxalic i nā hui wai-soluble me nā metala he nui.

ʻO ka oxalate maʻamau:1, Sodium oxalate; 2, Potassium oxalate; 3, Calcium oxalate; 4, Ferrous oxalate; 5, Antimony oxalate; 6, Ammonium hydrogen oxalate; 7, Magnesium oxalate 8, Lithium oxalate.

Noi:

1. Mea hoʻohuihui, mea uhi, mea hoʻoheheʻe, mea hoʻemi. Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka beryllium, calcium, chromium, gula, manganese, strontium, thorium a me nā ion metala ʻē aʻe. Ka nānā ʻana o Picocrystal no ka sodium a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻoheheʻe i ka calcium, magnesium, thorium a me nā mea honua kakaikahi. Hoʻonā maʻamau no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hopena potassium permanganate a me nā cerous sulfate. Bleach. Kōkua kala. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e wehe i ka ʻōpala ma nā lole i ka ʻoihana hale ma mua o ka palaki ʻana i ka uhi paia o waho, no ka mea, ikaika ka alkaline paia, pono e palaki mua i ka oxalic acid alkali.

2. ʻOihana lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ka aureomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, vitamin B12, phenobarbital a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe. ʻOihana paʻi a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kōkua kala, bleach, waena lapaʻau. ʻOihana palakiko no ka hana ʻana o PVC, amino plastics, urea - formaldehyde plastics.

3. Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoulu no ka synthesis resin phenolic, he akahai ka hopena catalytic, paʻa ke kaʻina hana, a ʻo ka lōʻihi loa ka lōʻihi. Hiki i ka hopena Acetone oxalate ke hoʻoulu i ka hopena hoʻōla o ka epoxy resin a hoʻopōkole i ka manawa hoʻōla. Hoʻohana pū ʻia ma ke ʻano he urea formaldehyde resin synthetic, melamine formaldehyde resin pH regulator. Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia i loko o ka polyvinyl formaldehyde water-soluble adhesive e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wikiwiki maloʻo a me ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa. Hoʻohana pū ʻia ma ke ʻano he urea formaldehyde resin curing agent, metal ion chelating agent. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he accelerant no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili starch me KMnO4 oxidant e hoʻolalelale i ka wikiwiki oxidation a hoʻopōkole i ka manawa hopena.

Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokeʻokeʻo:

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka waikawa Oxalic ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻemi a me ka bleach, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana o nā antibiotics a me borneol a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā metala laha ʻole, ka mea hoʻemi dye, ka mea tanning, a pēlā aku.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa Oxalic i ka hana ʻana o nā mea hoʻoulu cobalt-molybdenum-aluminum, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā metala a me nā kinikini, a me ka hoʻokeʻokeʻo ʻana i nā lole.

Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili metala, ka unuhi ʻana i nā mea honua laha ʻole, ka paʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i ka lole, ka hana ʻana i ka ʻili, ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka mea hoʻoulu, a pēlā aku.

Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻemi:

I ka ʻoihana synthesis organik, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka hana ʻana o hydroquinone, pentaerythritol, cobalt oxalate, nickel oxalate, gallic acid a me nā huahana kemika ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ka ʻoihana plastik no ka hana ʻana o PVC, nā plastik amino, nā plastik urea - formaldehyde, ka pena, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻoihana kala e hana i nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo kumu a pēlā aku.

Hiki i ka ʻoihana paʻi a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana ke pani i ka waikawa acetic, hoʻohana ʻia e like me ke kōkua kala pigment dye, a me ka mea hoʻokeʻokeʻo.

ʻO ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hana ʻana i ka aureomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ephedrine.

Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka waikawa oxalic i ka synthesis o nā huahana oxalate ester, oxalate a me oxalamide like ʻole, a ʻo ka diethyl oxalate, sodium oxalate, calcium oxalate a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe ka mea huahua loa.

ʻAno mālama:

1. E sila i kahi maloʻo a me kahi anuanu. Pale pono i ka makū, ka wai a me ka lā. ʻAʻole pono e ʻoi aku ka mahana o ka mālama ʻana ma mua o 40℃.

2. E mālama mamao aku mai nā oxides a me nā mea alkaline. E hoʻohana i nā ʻeke ulana polypropylene i uhi ʻia me nā ʻeke plastik, 25kg/ʻeke.

Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, he kemika maʻalahi ka waikawa oxalic me nā hoʻohana he nui i nā ʻoihana like ʻole. ʻO kona mau waiwai e lilo ia i koho kūpono no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka hoʻokeʻokeʻo ʻana, a he nui nā hoʻohana i loko o nā ʻoihana lole, māla a me ka hana metala. Eia nō naʻe, pono e mālama ʻia nā hana palekana i ka wā e hoʻohana ai i kēia kemika, no ka mea, he mea ʻawahia a hiki ke hoʻopōʻino inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia.