Nā Hoʻohana Mākeke o nā Alcohols Plasticizer

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā waiʻona plasticizer i hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo 2-propylheptanol (2-PH) a me ka isononyl alcohol (INA), i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana o nā plasticizers hanauna hou. ʻO nā Esters i synthesized mai nā waiʻona kiʻekiʻe e like me 2-PH a me INA e hāʻawi i ka palekana nui a me ke aloha i ke kaiapuni.

Hoʻopili ʻo 2-PH me ka phthalic anhydride e hana i ka di(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP). Hōʻike nā huahana PVC i hoʻopili ʻia me ka DPHP i ka insulation uila maikaʻi loa, ke kūpaʻa i ka wā, ka volatility haʻahaʻa, a me nā waiwai physico-chemical haʻahaʻa, e hoʻohana nui ʻia ai i nā kaula, nā lako hale, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni ʻāpana kaʻa, a me nā plastics papahele. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo 2-PH e synthesize i nā surfactants nonionic hana nui. I ka makahiki 2012, ua kauoha pū ʻo BASF lāua ʻo Sinopec Yangzi Petrochemical i kahi hale hana hana 2-PH 80,000-ton-i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ia ka hale hana 2-PH mua loa o Kina. I ka makahiki 2014, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Shenhua Baotou Coal Chemical Company i kahi ʻāpana hana 2-PH 60,000-ton-i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻo ia ka papahana 2-PH mua loa ma Kina. I kēia manawa, ke hoʻolālā nei kekahi mau ʻoihana me nā papahana lanahu-a-olefin i nā hale hana 2-PH, me Yanchang Petroleum (80,000 tons/makahiki), China Coal Shaanxi Yulin (60,000 tons/makahiki), a me Inner Mongolia Daxin (72,700 tons/makahiki).

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo INA e hana i ka diisononyl phthalate (DINP), kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe nui no ka hana maʻamau. Ua manaʻo ka ʻAha Kūkākūkā o nā ʻOihana Mea Pāʻani ʻo DINP ʻaʻole ia he mea weliweli i nā keiki, a ʻo kona koi e ulu nei i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua hoʻonui i ka hoʻohana ʻana o INA. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo DINP i nā kaʻa, nā kaula, nā papahele, ke kūkulu ʻana, a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. I ʻOkakopa 2015, ua hoʻomaka kūhelu kahi hui like 50:50 ma waena o Sinopec lāua ʻo BASF i ka hana ʻana ma kahi hale hana INA 180,000-ton-i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma Maoming, Guangdong—ʻo ia wale nō ka hale hana INA ma Kina. Aia ka hoʻohana ʻana ma ka home ma kahi o 300,000 tons, e waiho ana i kahi hakahaka lako. Ma mua o kēia papahana, ua hilinaʻi piha ʻo Kina i nā lawe mai no INA, me 286,000 tons i lawe ʻia mai i ka makahiki 2016.

Hoʻopuka ʻia ʻo 2-PH a me INA ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā butenes mai nā kahawai C4 me nā syngas (H₂ a me CO). Hoʻohana ke kaʻina hana i nā mea hoʻouluulu metala hanohano, a ʻo ka synthesis a me ke koho ʻana o kēia mau mea hoʻouluulu ke mau nei nā pilikia koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana o 2-PH a me INA ma ka home. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua holomua kekahi mau ʻoihana noiʻi Kina i ka ʻenehana hana INA a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hoʻouluulu. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana ka C1 Chemistry Laboratory o ke Kulanui ʻo Tsinghua i nā octenes i hui ʻia mai ka butene oligomerization ma ke ʻano he feedstock a me kahi mea hoʻouluulu rhodium me ka triphenylphosphine oxide ma ke ʻano he ligand, e hoʻokō ana i ka 90% o ka isononanal, e hāʻawi ana i kahi kahua paʻa no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻoihana.