Noi Makeke o na Waiona Plasticizer

I kēia manawa, ʻo ka 2-propylheptanol (2-PH) a me ka isononyl alcohol (INA) ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana o nā plasticizers. Hāʻawi ʻia nā Esters mai nā waiʻona kiʻekiʻe e like me 2-PH a me INA e hāʻawi i ka palekana a me ka ʻoluʻolu o ke kaiapuni.

Pane ka 2-PH me ka phthalic anhydride e hana i ka di(2-propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP). ʻO nā huahana PVC i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka DPHP e hōʻike ana i ka insulation uila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ka pale ʻana i ka wā, ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a me nā waiwai physico-chemical haʻahaʻa, e hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā uwea, nā mea pono hale, nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni automotive, a me nā palaka papahele. Eia hou, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka 2-PH e synthesize kiʻekiʻe-hana nui nonionic surfactants. Ma 2012, BASF a me Sinopec Yangzi Petrochemical i hui pū i kahi hale hana 80,000-ton-per-year 2-PH, ka mea kanu 2-PH mua o Kina. I ka makahiki 2014, ua hoʻokumu ʻo Shenhua Baotou Coal Chemical Company i 60,000-ton-per-year 2-PH production unit, ka papahana 2-PH mua loa o Kina. I kēia manawa, ke hoʻolālā nei kekahi mau hui me nā papahana lanahu-a-olefin i nā hale 2-PH, me ka Yanchang Petroleum (80,000 tons/makahiki), China Coal Shaanxi Yulin (60,000 tons/makahiki), a me Inner Mongolia Daxin (72,700 tons/makahiki).

Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo INA no ka hana ʻana i ka diisononyl phthalate (DINP), kahi plasticizer kumu nui. Ua manaʻo ka International Council of Toy Industries he mea pōʻino ʻole ʻo DINP i nā keiki, a ʻo kāna koi ulu ʻana i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua hoʻonui i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka INA. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo DINP i ka automotive, nā kelepona, ka papahele, ke kūkulu ʻana, a me nā ʻoihana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. I ʻOkakopa 2015, ua hoʻomaka ka hana ʻana o kahi hui hui 50:50 ma waena o Sinopec a me BASF ma kahi mea kanu 180,000-ton-per-year ma Maoming, Guangdong—ʻo ia wale nō ka hale hana INA ma Kina. Ke kū nei ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka home ma kahi o 300,000 tons, e waiho ana i kahi hakahaka lako. Ma mua o kēia papahana, ua hilinaʻi nui ʻo Kina i nā mea lawe mai no INA, me 286,000 tons i lawe ʻia mai i ka makahiki 2016.

Hana ʻia ʻo 2-PH a me INA e ka hana ʻana i nā butenes mai nā kahawai C4 me nā syngas (H₂ a me CO). Hoʻohana ke kaʻina hana i nā catalysts koʻikoʻi metala, a ʻo ka synthesis a me ke koho ʻana o kēia mau catalysts e noho mau ana i nā bottlenecks koʻikoʻi i ka hana 2-PH a me INA. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua holomua kekahi mau keʻena noiʻi Kina i ka ʻenehana hana INA a me ka hoʻomohala catalyst. No ka laʻana, ua hoʻohana ʻo Tsinghua University's C1 Chemistry Laboratory i nā octene i hui ʻia mai ka butene oligomerization ma ke ʻano he meaʻai a me ka rhodium catalyst me ka triphenylphosphine oxide ma ke ʻano he ligand, e loaʻa ana he 90% o ka isononal, e hāʻawi ana i kumu paʻa no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻoihana.