I ka makahiki 2025, ke holo wikiwiki nei ka ʻoihana uhi i nā pahuhopu ʻelua o ka "hoʻololi ʻōmaʻomaʻo" a me ka "hoʻonui hana." Ma nā kahua hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe e like me ke kaʻa a me ke kaʻa kaʻa, ua hoʻololi ʻia nā uhi wai mai nā "koho ʻokoʻa" a hiki i nā "koho koʻikoʻi" mahalo i kā lākou haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa VOC, palekana, a me nā mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi o nā hiʻohiʻona noi koʻikoʻi (e laʻa, ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka corrosion ikaika) a me nā koi kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻohana no ka pale ʻana i ka lōʻihi a me ka hana, ke hoʻomau nei ka holomua ʻenehana i nā uhi wai polyurethane (WPU). I ka makahiki 2025, ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā hana hou o ka ʻoihana i ka loiloi formula, hoʻololi kemika, a me ka hoʻolālā hana i ka ikaika hou i kēia ʻāpana.
Hoʻonui i ka ʻōnaehana kumu: Mai ka "Ratio Tuning" a i ka "Performance Balance"
Ma ke ʻano he "alakaʻi hoʻokō" i waena o nā uhi wai i kēia manawa, ʻelua mau ʻāpana wai wai polyurethane (WB 2K-PUR) ke kū nei i kahi pilikia nui: ke kaulike ʻana i ka ratio a me ka hana o nā ʻōnaehana polyol. I kēia makahiki, ua hana nā hui noiʻi i ka ʻimi hohonu i nā hopena synergistic o ka polyether polyol (PTMEG) a me ka polyester polyol (P1012).
ʻO ka maʻamau, hoʻonui ka polyester polyol i ka uhi ʻana i ka ikaika mechanical a me ka paʻa ma muli o nā paʻa hydrogen intermolecular, akā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻohui ʻana e hōʻemi i ka pale wai ma muli o ka hydrophilicity ikaika o nā pūʻulu ester. Ua hōʻoia nā hoʻokolohua i ka wā e helu ai ʻo P1012 i 40% (g/g) o ka ʻōnaehana polyol, loaʻa kahi "kaulike gula": hoʻonui nā paʻa hydrogen i ke kino crosslink density me ka hydrophilicity nui, me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana piha o ka uhi - me ka pale ʻana i ka paʻakai, kū i ka wai, a me ka ikaika tensile. Hāʻawi kēia hopena i ke alakaʻi aʻoaʻo no ka hoʻolālā kumu kumu kumu WB 2K-PUR, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā hiʻohiʻona e like me ka chassis kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana metala kaʻa e koi ai i ka hana mechanical a me ke kū ʻana i ka corrosion.
"Hoʻohui i ka Rigidity a me ka hiki ke hoʻololi": Wehe ka hoʻololi kemika i nā palena hana hou
ʻOiai he "hoʻoponopono maikaʻi" ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka lākiō maʻamau, ʻo ia ka "lele kūpono" no ka polyurethane wai. ʻElua ala hoʻololi i kū i kēia makahiki:
Alanui 1: Hoʻonui Synergistic me nā Derivatives Polysiloxane a me Terpene
ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka haʻahaʻa-surface-energy polysiloxane (PMMS) a me ka hydrophobic terpene derivatives e hāʻawi iā WPU me nā waiwai ʻelua o "superhydrophobicity + rigidity kiʻekiʻe." Ua hoʻomākaukau ka poʻe noiʻi i ka polysiloxane i hoʻopau ʻia hydroxyl (PMMS) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane a me ka octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, a laila hoʻopili ʻia ka isobornyl acrylate (he kumu o ka biomass-derived camphene) ma luna o nā kaulahao ʻaoʻao PMMS ma o UV-hoʻomaka thiol-peneene kaomi kaomi ʻana i ka polysiloxpeneene i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka polysiloxpeneene.
Ua hōʻike ka WPU i hoʻololi ʻia i nā hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi loa: lele ke kihi pili wai static mai 70.7 ° a i 101.2 ° (e hoʻokokoke ana i ka lau lotus-like superhydrophobicity), hāʻule ka wai mai 16.0% a i 6.9%, a ua piʻi ka ikaika tensile mai 4.70MPa a i 8.82MPa terpene ma muli o ke apo. Ua hōʻike pū ʻia ka loiloi Thermogravimetric i hoʻonui ʻia i ka paʻa wela. Hāʻawi kēia ʻenehana i kahi hopena "anti-fouling + weather-resistant" i hoʻohui ʻia no nā ʻāpana o waho e like me nā panela hale a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.
Ala 2: Hiki i ka Polyimine Crosslinking ke ʻenehana "Ho'ōla iā ia iho".
Ua puka mai ka ho'ōla pono'ī ma ke 'ano he 'enehana kaulana i ka uhi 'ana, a ua hui pū ka noi'i o kēia makahiki me ka hana mechanical a WPU no ka ho'okō 'ana i nā holomua 'elua ma ka "hana ki'eki'e + hiki ke ho'ōla pono'ī." Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka WPU crosslinked me ka polybutylene glycol (PTMG), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), a me ka polyimine (PEI) ma ke ʻano he crosslinker i hōʻike ʻia i nā ʻano mechanical kupaianaha: ikaika tensile o 17.12MPa a me ka elongation i ka haki ʻana o 512.25% (kokoke i ka hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia).
ʻO ka mea koʻikoʻi, loaʻa iā ia ka ho'ōla ponoʻī piha i nā hola 24 ma 30 ° C - hoʻihoʻi i ka ikaika tensile 3.26MPa a me 450.94% elongation ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana. He mea kūpono loa ia no nā ʻāpana ʻōpala e like me nā bumper automotive a me nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa i loko, e hōʻemi nui ana i nā kumukūʻai mālama.
"Nanoscale Intelligent Control": He "Surface Revolution" no ka Anti-Fouling Coatings
ʻO nā anti-graffiti a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻalahi nā koi koʻikoʻi no nā uhi kiʻekiʻe. I kēia makahiki, ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka manaʻo o kahi uhi kūʻokoʻa (NP-GLIDE) i hoʻokumu ʻia ma nā "nā wai PDMS nanopools". ʻO kāna kumu nui e pili ana i ke kālai ʻana i nā kaulahao ʻaoʻao polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) ma luna o ka iwi kuamoʻo polyol-dispersible wai ma o ka graft copolymer polyol-g-PDMS, e hana ana i nā "nanopools" liʻiliʻi ma mua o 30nm ke anawaena.
ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana o PDMS i kēia mau nanopools e hāʻawi i ka uhi ʻana i kahi ʻili "like-wai" - ʻo nā wai hoʻāʻo āpau me ka ʻili o ka ʻili ma luna o 23mN/m (e laʻa, kofe, ʻaila ʻaila) paheʻe me ka waiho ʻole ʻana i nā kaha. ʻOiai ka paʻakikī o 3H (kokoke i ke aniani maʻamau), mālama ka uhi i ka hana anti-fouling maikaʻi loa.
Hoʻohui ʻia, ua manaʻo ʻia kahi hoʻolālā anti-graffiti "paʻa kino + hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻoluʻolu": hoʻokomo i ka trimer IPDI i loko o ka polyisocyanate i hoʻokumu ʻia HDT e hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kiʻi kiʻiʻoniʻoni a pale i ke komo ʻana i ka graffiti, ʻoiai e kāohi ana i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻāpana silicone/fluorine e hōʻoia i ka ikaika haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa lōʻihi. Hoʻohui pū ʻia me DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) no ka mana crosslink density kikoʻī a me XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i ka neʻe ʻana, ua mākaukau kēia ʻenehana no ka ʻenehana a manaʻo ʻia e lilo i mea hōʻailona hou no ka anti-fouling i ka pena kaʻa a me nā pahu huahana 3C.
Ka hopena
Ma 2025, ke neʻe nei ka ʻenehana uhi WPU mai ka "hoʻomaikaʻi hoʻokahi-hana" i ka "hoʻohui multi-functional." Inā ma o ka loiloi kumu kumu, nā holomua hoʻololi kemika, a i ʻole nā mea hana hoʻolālā hana, ʻo ka loina kumu e huli a puni ka synergizing "aloha kaiapuni" a me ka "hana kiʻekiʻe." No nā ʻoihana e like me ka automotive a me ke kaʻa kaʻa, ʻaʻole kēia mau holomua ʻenehana e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o ka uhi ʻana a hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai mālama akā e hoʻokau pū i nā hoʻonui ʻelua i "ka hana ʻōmaʻomaʻo" a me ka "ʻike mea hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe."
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-14-2025