I ka makahiki 2025, ke wikiwiki nei ka ʻoihana uhi ʻana i nā pahuhopu pālua o ka "hoʻololi ʻōmaʻomaʻo" a me ka "hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana." Ma nā kahua uhi kiʻekiʻe e like me ke kaʻa a me ke kaʻaahi, ua ulu nā uhi wai mai nā "koho ʻē aʻe" a i nā "koho nui" mahalo i kā lākou hoʻokuʻu VOC haʻahaʻa, palekana, a me ka ʻawaʻawa ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, no ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi o nā hiʻohiʻona noi paʻakikī (e laʻa, ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe a me ka pala ikaika) a me nā koi kiʻekiʻe o nā mea hoʻohana no ka lōʻihi o ka uhi ʻana a me ka hana, ke hoʻomau nei nā holomua ʻenehana i nā uhi polyurethane wai (WPU). I ka makahiki 2025, ua hoʻokomo nā hana hou o ka ʻoihana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka formula, ka hoʻololi kemika, a me ka hoʻolālā hana i ka ikaika hou i loko o kēia ʻāpana.
Ke Hoʻonui nei i ka ʻŌnaehana Kumu: Mai ka "Ratio Tuning" a i ka "Performance Balance"
Ma ke ʻano he "alakaʻi hana" i waena o nā uhi wai o kēia manawa, ke kū nei ka polyurethane wai ʻelua ʻāpana (WB 2K-PUR) i kahi pilikia koʻikoʻi: ke kaulike ʻana i ka lakio a me ka hana o nā ʻōnaehana polyol. I kēia makahiki, ua hana nā hui noiʻi i kahi noiʻi hohonu i nā hopena synergistic o ka polyether polyol (PTMEG) a me ka polyester polyol (P1012).
Ma ke ʻano maʻamau, hoʻonui ka polyester polyol i ka ikaika mechanical coating a me ka density ma muli o nā pilina hydrogen intermolecular dense, akā ʻo ka hoʻohui nui ʻana e hōʻemi i ke kūpaʻa wai ma muli o ka hydrophilicity ikaika o nā hui ester. Ua hōʻoia nā hoʻokolohua i ka wā e helu ai ʻo P1012 no 40% (g/g) o ka ʻōnaehana polyol, ua hoʻokō ʻia kahi "kaulike gula": hoʻonui nā pilina hydrogen i ka density crosslink kino me ka ʻole o ka hydrophilicity nui, e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i ka hana piha o ka uhi - me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka paʻakai, ke kūpaʻa wai, a me ka ikaika tensile. Hāʻawi kēia hopena i ke alakaʻi maopopo no ka hoʻolālā formula kumu WB 2K-PUR, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā hiʻohiʻona e like me ke chassis kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana metala kaʻa kaʻaahi e pono ai ka hana mechanical a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion.
"Ke Hoʻohui nei i ka Paʻa a me ka Maʻalahi": Wehe ka Hoʻololi Kemika i nā Palena Hana Hou
ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka lakio kumu he "hoʻoponopono maikaʻi," ʻo ka hoʻololi kemika he "lele maikaʻi" no ka polyurethane wai. ʻElua mau ala hoʻololi i kū i kēia makahiki:
Ala 1: Hoʻonui Synergistic me Polysiloxane a me Terpene Derivatives
ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka polysiloxane ikehu haʻahaʻa-ʻilikai (PMMS) a me nā derivatives terpene hydrophobic e hāʻawi iā WPU me nā waiwai pālua o "superhydrophobicity + high rigidity." Ua hoʻomākaukau nā kānaka noiʻi i ka polysiloxane hydroxyl-terminated (PMMS) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane a me octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane, a laila ua hoʻopili ʻia ka isobornyl acrylate (kahi derivative o ka camphene i loaʻa mai ka biomass) ma luna o nā kaulahao ʻaoʻao PMMS ma o ka hopena kaomi thiol-ene i hoʻomaka ʻia e UV e hana i ka polysiloxane terpene-based (PMMS-I).
Ua hōʻike ka WPU i hoʻololi ʻia i nā hoʻomaikaʻi kupaianaha: ua lele ke kihi pili wai paʻa mai 70.7° a i 101.2° (e hoʻokokoke ana i ka superhydrophobicity e like me ka lau lotus), ua hāʻule ka omo wai mai 16.0% a i 6.9%, a ua piʻi ka ikaika tensile mai 4.70MPa a i 8.82MPa ma muli o ke ʻano apo terpene paʻa. Ua hōʻike pū ka loiloi Thermogravimetric i ka hoʻonui ʻia o ke kūpaʻa wela. Hāʻawi kēia ʻenehana i kahi hopena "anti-fouling + weather-resistant" i hoʻohui ʻia no nā ʻāpana waho o ke kaʻaahi e like me nā panela kaupaku a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao.
Ala 2: Hoʻāla ka Polyimine Crosslinking i ka ʻenehana "Hoʻōla ponoʻī"
Ua kū mai ka ho'ōla pono'ī ma ke ʻano he ʻenehana kaulana i nā uhi ʻana, a ua hoʻohui pū ʻia e ka noiʻi o kēia makahiki me ka hana mechanical a WPU e hoʻokō i nā holomua pālua i ka "hana kiʻekiʻe + hiki ke ho'ōla pono'ī." Ua hōʻike ka WPU crosslinked i hoʻomākaukau ʻia me ka polybutylene glycol (PTMG), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), a me ka polyimine (PEI) ma ke ʻano he crosslinker i nā waiwai mechanical kupaianaha: ka ikaika tensile o 17.12MPa a me ka elongation i ka haki ʻana o 512.25% (kokoke i ka flexibility rubber).
ʻO ke mea nui, hoʻokō ia i ka ho'ōla pono'ī piha i loko o 24 mau hola ma 30°C—e ho'ōla ana i ka ikaika tensile 3.26MPa a me ka elongation 450.94% ma hope o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana. ʻO kēia ka mea e kūpono loa ai no nā ʻāpana palupalu e like me nā bumpers kaʻa a me nā loko o ke kaʻaahi, e hoʻemi nui ana i nā kumukūʻai mālama.
"Nanoscale Intelligent Control": He "Surface Revolution" no nā Uhi Anti-Fouling
ʻO nā mea nui e pono ai no nā uhi kiʻekiʻe ka anti-graffiti a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻalahi. I kēia makahiki, ua huki ka manaʻo i kahi uhi pale haumia (NP-GLIDE) e pili ana i nā "nanopools PDMS like me ka wai". ʻO kāna kumu nui e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā kaulahao ʻaoʻao polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) ma luna o kahi iwi kuamoʻo polyol hoʻoheheʻe wai ma o ka graft copolymer polyol-g-PDMS, e hana ana i nā "nanopools" liʻiliʻi ma mua o 30nm ke anawaena.
ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana o PDMS i loko o kēia mau nanopools e hāʻawi i ka uhi i kahi ʻili "e like me ka wai"—ʻo nā wai hoʻāʻo āpau me ka ʻili ma luna o 23mN/m (e laʻa, kofe, nā ʻila ʻaila) e paheʻe me ka waiho ʻole ʻana i nā māka. ʻOiai ka paʻakikī o 3H (kokoke i ke aniani maʻamau), mālama ka uhi i ka hana anti-fouling maikaʻi loa.
Eia kekahi, ua hāpai ʻia kahi hoʻolālā anti-graffiti "pale kino + hoʻomaʻemaʻe iki": ke hoʻokomo ʻana i ka trimer IPDI i loko o ka polyisocyanate HDT e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni a pale i ke komo ʻana o ka graffiti, ʻoiai ke kāohi nei i ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻāpana silicone/fluorine e hōʻoia i ka ikehu ʻili haʻahaʻa lōʻihi. I hui pū ʻia me DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) no ka kaohi pololei o ka crosslink density a me XPS (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) no ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o ka interface, ua mākaukau kēia ʻenehana no ka ʻoihana a ua manaʻo ʻia e lilo i pae hoʻohālikelike hou no ka anti-fouling i ka pena kaʻa a me nā pahu huahana 3C.
Hopena
I ka makahiki 2025, ke neʻe nei ka ʻenehana uhi WPU mai ka "hoʻomaikaʻi hana hoʻokahi" a i ka "hoʻohui multi-functional." Inā paha ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ʻano maʻamau, nā holomua hoʻololi kemika, a i ʻole nā mea hou o ka hoʻolālā hana, ke kaʻina hana koʻikoʻi e pili ana i ka synergizing "conservation friendly" a me ka "hana kiʻekiʻe." No nā ʻoihana e like me ke kaʻa a me ke kaʻaahi, ʻaʻole wale kēia mau holomua ʻenehana e hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola o ka uhi ʻana a hōʻemi i nā kumukūʻai mālama akā hoʻokele pū kekahi i nā hoʻonui pālua i ka "manufacturing green" a me ka "ʻike mea hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe."
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-14-2025