Mea Hana Kumukūʻai Maikaʻi Ammonium Chloride CAS: 12125-02-9

ʻO Ammonium chloride, (papa ʻoihana) ʻO Ammonium chloride (i kapa ʻia ʻo "chloramine", i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he one halogen, ke ʻano kemika: NH4Cl) he kristal cubic kala ʻole a i ʻole ka pauka crystalline keʻokeʻo. He ʻono paʻakai a ʻawaʻawa iki a no ka paʻakai waikawa. ʻO kona density pili he 1.527. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, ethanol a me ka ammonia wai akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka acetone a me ka ether. He waikawa nāwaliwali ka hopena wai, a hoʻonui ʻia kona acidity i ka wā e hoʻomehana ai. Ke hoʻomehana ʻia i 100 ° C, hoʻomaka ia e volatilize nui, a i ka wā e hoʻomehana ʻia ai i 337.8 ° C, e hoʻokaʻawale ia i loko o ka ammonia a me ka hydrogen chloride, ka mea, ma ka hōʻike anu, e hui hou e hana i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ammonium chloride a me ka uahi keʻokeʻo ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke piholo a paʻakikī loa ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai. Ke hoʻomehana ʻia i 350 ° C, e sublimate ia a i ka wā 520 ° C, e paila. He liʻiliʻi kona omo makū, a i ka ua ua hiki ke omo i ka makū i ka keke. No nā metala ferrous a me nā metala ʻē aʻe, he ʻino ia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻino o ke keleawe akā ʻaʻohe ʻino o ka hao puaʻa. Hiki ke loaʻa ka ammonium chloride mai ka hopena neutralization o ka ammonia a me ka hydrogen chloride a i ʻole ammonia a me ka hydrochloric acid (reaction equation: NH3 + HCl → NH4Cl). Ke hoʻomehana ʻia, e palaho ia i loko o ka hydrogen chloride a me ka hopena ammonia (equation: NH4Cl → NH3 + HCl) a aia ka hopena ma ka ʻākau wale nō inā he ʻōnaehana hāmama ka ipu.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka Ammonium chloride no nā pila maloʻo, nā pila mālama, nā paʻakai ammonium, tanning, plating, lāʻau lapaʻau, kiʻi paʻi kiʻi, electrodes, adhesives, etc. ʻO ka Ammonium chloride kekahi mea hoʻomomona kemika nitrogen i loaʻa nona ka nui o ka nitrogen he 24% a 25%. He mea hoʻomomona waikawa physiological a kūpono no ka palaoa, laiki, kulina, rapeseed a me nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa iā ia nā hopena o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻakikī o ka fiber a me ke kaumaha a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā mea kanu pulupulu a me ka olonā. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka ammonium chloride, inā ʻaʻole kūpono ka hoʻopili ʻana, e lawe mai ia i kekahi mau hopena maikaʻi ʻole i ka lepo a me nā mea kanu.
Nā kūlana loea: ka hoʻokō ʻana o ke kūlana aupuni o ka Repubalika o Kina GB-2946-82.
1. ʻAno: aniani keʻokeʻo
2. ka nui o ka ammonium chloride (kumu maloʻo) ≥ 99.3%
3. ka nui o ka makū ≤1.0%
4. ka nui o ka sodium chloride (kumu maloʻo) ≤0.2%
5. ka nui o ka hao ≤0.001%
6. ka nui o ka metala kaumaha (ma ke ʻano o Pb) ≤0.0005%
7. ka ʻike wai hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ≤0.02%
8. ka nui o ka sulfate (ma ke ʻano o SO42-) ≤0.02%
9. pH: 4.2-5.8
Hoʻohana ʻia ka Ammonium chloride ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomānoanoa a ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui i nā toner ʻona ʻole. Wahi a nā mea hoʻohui hoʻonaninani, hāʻawi ka ʻāpana ammonium i ka ʻono ʻāʻī a i ʻole ke ʻano ʻūlū a kekahi poʻe e pili ai me nā toner a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​ma hope o ka ʻumiʻumi, a ʻo ia hoʻi, i nā toner maʻamau, i hāʻawi pinepine ʻia e ka nui o ka waiʻona. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka Ammonium chloride ka hopena o ka makemake i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻohui ʻana.
ʻO Ammonium Chloride kahi mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe palaoa a me ka mea hū i loaʻa ma ke ʻano he kristal kala ʻole a i ʻole ka pauka kristal keʻokeʻo. Ma kahi o 30-38 g e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai ma 25°c. ʻO ka pH o kahi hopena 1% ma 25°c he 5.2. Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoikaika palaoa a me ka mea hoʻonui ʻono i nā mea i hoʻomoʻa ʻia a ma ke ʻano he kumu naikokene no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hū. Hoʻohana ʻia hoʻi ia i nā mea ʻono a me nā mea ʻono. ʻO kekahi huaʻōlelo no ka paʻakai ʻo ia ka ammonium muriate.
ʻO nā kristal keʻokeʻo i hana ʻia e nā paʻakai ammonia e hana ana ma luna o ka waikawa hydrochloric a ukali ʻia e ka crystallization. Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Ammonium chloride ʻo sal ammoniac. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a me ka waiʻona, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka ammonium chloride ma ke ʻano he halide i nā kaʻina hana he nui, me ka pepa paʻakai, ka pepa albumen, ka albumen opaltype, a me nā kaʻina hana gelatin emulsion.